Instructional+Materials+and+Methods

Resources to teach Sentence Structure for Deaf Students as if they were ESOL (4/2009):
== I have gotten a copy of, and will get copies to all of you, sentence frames that I used after I was trained in a method called A Focused Approach. This is out of UC Irvine and it is a way to pre-teach vocabulary and use sentence frames to help ESOL kids to produce complete sentences based on their developmental level. It is broken down by BEGINNING (1-2 word utterances) INTERMEDIATE (3-5 word utterances) ADVANCED (more than 5 words, but may not have correct English structures. Each set of sentence frames is centered around a linguistic task, for example "Compare and Contrast." Then based on the language level, you model the response and then give them a frame to plug their vocabulary into to make a complete sentence. I am going to try this for the remainder of this year and next year. Once a frame is learned, it is posted on the wall somewhere so it is now a reference. Also, it allows students to move from simple (beginning) to more complex structures as they become more capable communicators. I am very excited about trying this with deaf children. -Tiffany Broda (4/25/09) ==

Resources for Deaf Students to teach Vocabulary and Guided Reading (2/2009)
Fairview Adapted Dolch and Bridges cards to help build essential vocabulary (see below). Interesting Article RE: Use of Fairview techniques on [|Deaf Children in India].The Laurent Clerc Deaf Education Center (Gallaudet) recommends the use of Fairview especially in primary grades:" **What is available for literacy early intervention?/ My first or second grader is falling behind, what can we do?** Regarding this, there are two approaches that people are experimenting with: > The Fairview Learning Process includes five components that provide access to American Sign Language (ASL) and are intended to help deaf and hearing students think and sign bilingually. The components are: bridge lists and bridging process, adapted Dolch words, phonemic awareness, reading comprehension and bridging, and ASL development and spontaneous written English. For more information, visit the [|Fairview Learning Network] Web site:**There** **seems to be significant data to support this program and its facets.
 * 1) The Fairview Learning Process:

The second program that they recommended was Reading Recovery, a more structured guided reading approach:Reading Recovery: Reading Recovery is a registered trademark for an early intervention program developed by Marie M. Clay (1979, 1985) for use with children at risk in reading progress after one year of schooling (as identified by their teachers). The goal of Reading Recovery is accelerated learning. Children are expected to make faster than average progress so that they can catch up with other children in their class and succeed when they return to the regular classroom. Reading Recovery provides one-to-one tutoring by a specially trained teacher. A good book about Reading Recovery is called Reading Recovery: A Guidebook for Teachers in Training by Marie M. Clay (ISBN #043508764-9) and it's available from [|Heinemann]. General information can be found at the [|Reading Recovery Council of North America Web site]:. Some schools are applying Reading Recovery with deaf and hard of hearing children such as the California School for the Deaf, Riverside. More information about the CSDR Adapted Reading Recovery program (cancelled in 2001) or its elementary-level Literacy Lab, can be found by contacting Melissa Brown, curriculum specialist, at the [|California School for the Deaf in Riversid][|e] by e-mail at mbrown@csdr-cde.ca.gov or telephone: 909-320-2152. **this could be a possible topic for further research. I have seen this used with ESOL, but it is very similar to guided reading, just in a very small group.

Comments
==|| __The Bridge Lists are English phrases requiring American Sign Language (ASL) translation for understanding. For example, down the street requires multiple sign concepts, depending upon the context. “A ball hit down the street,” is signed differently from, “A man walked down the street.” If down the street is signed the same way in both sentences, meaning is lost. Bridging also allows the conceptual signing of phrases, rather than the word for word signing required by most sign codes. For example, if one signs, Put out the fire, word by word, one is literally signing, Pick up the fire and put it outside. Bridging provides the visual translation of the phrase’s true meaning, Extinguish the fire.
 * In looking over these components alone, we would need to be very solid in ASL, since the "bridging" is between ASL and English, rather than SEE or other coding systems. Also, it takes into account mostly students who are learning ASL and English at the same time or have ASL (even if developing) as a primary language with English as the secondary language to be "bridged."**
 * __1. The Bridge Lists & The Bridging Process__

2. Adapted Dolch Words

The Dolch Words are commonly used words found in the majority of basal readers. Deaf children and hearing children do not learn the Dolch words the same way. For example, made is a Dolch word which has multiple meanings – I made a present for you; I made my bed; I made money; My brother made me do that; The rain made the grass green. Most hearing children acquire the various meanings effortlessly through their sense of hearing. Deaf children, on the other hand, must see the different meanings in context in order to acquire them.__

In researching[|Fairview products] it seems that there is a starter kit for $221. It includes the following:  Starter Package** Includes:
 * Adapted Dolch Words Cards - Teacher set
 * Adapted Dolch Words Video/DVD 1
 * Bridge Lists Cards - Teacher set
 * Bridge Lists Video/DVD 1

Teacher Package** Includes:
 * There is also a Teacher package for more, 4 kits for $1,181. It includes the following:
 * Adapted Dolch Words Cards - Teacher set
 * Adapted Dolch Words Teacher Workbook
 * Adapted Dolch Words Video/DVD 1
 * Bridge Lists Cards - Teacher set
 * Bridge Lists Teacher Workbook
 * Bridge Lists Video/DVD 1
 * 8% discount per package, 10% discount on 4 or more, 12% discount on 8 or more.**

The one that sounds best, but is the most expensive to me is the complete package ($818 per HI teacher) and includes the following: **Complete Package**

8% discount per package, 10% discount on 4 or more, 12% discount on 8 or more -Tiffany Broda, 2/24/09
 * Adapted Dolch Words Cards - Teacher set
 * Adapted Dolch Words Cards - Student set
 * Adapted Dolch Words Teacher Workbook
 * Adapted Dolch Words Student Workbook
 * Adapted Dolch Words Video/DVD 1
 * Adapted Dolch Words Video/DVD 2
 * Bridge Lists Cards - Teacher set
 * Bridge Lists Cards - Student set
 * Bridge Lists Teacher Workbook
 * Bridge Lists Student Workbook
 * Bridge Lists Video/DVD 1
 * Bridge Lists Video/DVD 2
 * Student Progress Folder
 * ASL Stories Folder
 * Language Experience Folder
 * Classroom Centers Wall Chart (Full Color, Laminated - Image shown above)
 * Communication Continuum Wall Chart (Full Color, Laminated - Image shown above)